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G. C. PHARO.

LEVER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.26, I918. RENEWED OCT. 25. 1918.

l ,3Q6, 1]. l 9, Patented June 10, 1919.

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form of lever adapted for GORDON C. EHARO, OF MARYSVILLE, CALIFORNIA.

LEVER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 10, rate.

Application filed February 26, 1918, Serial No. 219,192. Renewed October25, 1918. Serial No. 259,717.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GORDON G. PHARO, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Marysville, in the county of Yuba and State ofCalifornia, have invented a certain new and useful Im rovement inLevers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to levers made of pressed steel, or similarmaterial, for use in controlling automobiles,- or other machines.

An important object of the invention is to construct a lever of thecharacter referred to of a single piece of pressed steel, and of suchsimple form and construction that it may be manufactured at low cost,and by a minimum number of operations as compared with the usualprocesses employed in the manufacture of similar devices out of castmetal, or forged, and at the same time possess a maximum amount ofstrength to resist the strains to which such devices are subjected.

With the above and other important objects in view, the inventionconsists in a lever possessing the structural characteristics,hereinafter more fully explained, and as particularly pointed out in thefollowing claims:

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments ofthe invention Flgure 1 is a plan view of one form of lever, constructedin accordance with the principles of the invention;

Fig. 2 is an end view of the same;

Fig.- 3 is a side elevation of the device shown in Fig.1;

Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the line H of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 1s a view in side elevation of adifl'erent form of lever;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the device shown in Fig. 5, having operatingrods, inserted in the holes of the lever;

Fig. 7 shows, in side elevation, a bell crank lever embodying theinvention;

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the device shown in Fig. '8;

Fig. 9 is an end elevation of the same device;

Fig. 10 is a view, in side elevation, of a use'in connection withcarbureters;

Fig. 11 is a detail view showing one of the arms of the lever of Fig.10;

the construction of the Fig. 12 is an end elevation of the device shownin Fig. 10';

Fig. 13 illustrates the blank employed in lever illustrated in Fig. 10;

Fig. 14 is a side elevation of a different form of lever, having balland socket connection with the operating rod, and

Fig. 15 is a plan view of Fig. 14.

Referring first to Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, the body portion of thelever as illustrated therein comprises a piece of sheet steel which iscut out from a suitable blank, and bent upon itself in substantiallyU-shape. The two side limbs or members 2, 2 are provided with inturnedwebs or flanges 6, 6 whlch meet upon opposite sides of the lever, andform longitudinal divisional lines where they abut against each other,as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 4. These inturned flanges 6, 6 materiallystrengthen the lever, adding stiffness and rigidity thereto. A Theflanges 6, 6 are provided with upturned lugs 10 which provide stops toengage the clamping screw nut and prevent its rotation, as will behereinafter explained.

At the point 3, where the body portion of the lever is bent upon itself,an aperture is formed to receive a. clamping bolt 8. The bent portion ofthe lever is provided with a longitudinal slot 12 which communicateswith circular apertures 13 through opposite sides 2 of the lever, andslots 15 are formed in the lever sides and communicate with theapertures 13. The free ends 4, 4 of the lever are provided with alinedperforations 7, 7 in which the end of a rod, or other connection withthe operating means for the lever may be inserted. The apertures 13 areadapted to receive a fulcrum rod which is inserted therethrough. Theclamping bolt 8 is provided with a nut 17, a side of which abuts againstthe upstanding lu s 10 so that when a screw driver is applie to the slotin the head of the bolt, the latter may be turned, thereby drawing thenut firmly against its seat and, through the instrumentality of the slot12, clamping the end portion 3 of the lever tightly against the fulcrumrod. The clamping action referredto is caused by forcing thesemi-circular halves of the apertures 13 inwardly against opposite sidesof the fulcrum rod, as will be obv'ious.

In the use of this lever, the rod end, or other connection inserted inthe apertures at the forked end of the lever transmits motion to thelever body, which in turn rocks the fulcrum rod which is operativelyconnected with the part which it is desired to actuate through theinstrumentality of the lever. By reason of the fact that the strain isapplied substantially in the plane of the edges of the side portions 2,2 of the lever the latter is especially designed to resist great strainsand is very strong. On occasions where the resistance to be overcome byturning the fulcrum rod is unusual, said rod may be provided with a keyor feather which will be fitted to the slot 15, thus imposing a greaterresistance to turning movement of thelever relatively to the fulcrumrod.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, the lever arms 2, 2are bent over at their free ends as shown at 18, 18 to form reinforcingportions. The holes receive the rod end connection 20, are, in thismodification, made through the body portion of the sides 2, 2 andthrough the bent over end parts 18, as indicated in Fig. 6. The bentover portions 18 of the sides ofthe lever ma-f terially reinforce andstrengthen the lever ends, as will be obvious. The opposite end of thelever in this construction embodies a shoulder 21, is formed on each ofthe sides 2, in position to engage with two faces of the nut 17 which isthreaded to the clamping bolt 8. The action of this clamping bolt andnut is precisely the same as that of similar parts in Figs. 1 to 4 inthat they serve to clamp the lever to the fulcrum rod 25.

In Figs. 7, 8 and 9, the invention is shown as embodied in a bell cranklever in which the arms 26, 27 thereof are provided at the ends withperforations 7 7 to receive the rod ends, or other suitable connections.This lever is, as in the two forms previously described, bent uponitself to form a way for the reception of a clamping bolt 8, providedwith a nut 17, and constructed to clamp the lever upon a fulcrum rod 25which is received in the apertures 13, 13 formed throughopposite halvesof the lever.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 10, 11, 12 and 13, theprinciples of the invention are shown as applied to a lever for use on acarbureter throttle valve, This lever comprises two arms, 28, 28 whichare bent over into parallelism, as shown in Fig. 12, and are provided attheir outer ends with alined perforations for actuating connections. Thelever is also provided with an arm30 having its end recurved to form anabutment 34, and another'arm 32, the end of which is bent over upon thebody of the arm and clamped there by a suitable clamp 17, are arrangedat the bent end of the lever for clamping the walls of the aperture 13against a fulcrum rod, as 25. The set screw 38 provides means which maybe adjusted to suit the conditions under which the motor is operating,and acts to'limit the rotation of the lever suitably to adjust theclosed posi tion of the throttle valve.

In Figs. 14 and 15, the two sides of the pressed 'steel lever 42, 42 arebent over at 3 to receive the clamping bolts 8, and are provided withthe apertures 13 to be clamped to a fulcrum rod, as in the other formsdescribed. The ends of the sides 42 are pro vided with perforations 44,which receive a clamping bolt 46 for holding the sides of the lever inclose engagement at their free ends. Said ends of thislever are formedas a socket 48 to receive the ball end 50 of an actuating rod 52. Thisconnection provides for operating the lever by a rod which is not inperfect alinement with the axis of the shaft or rod which constitutesthe fulcrum of the lever and is clamped in the apertures 13 thereof.

The lever as herein described, and as shown in the several formsillustrated in the drawings, requires less material to make than aforged lever and no more material than a cast lever. The lever,moreover, may be manufactured at very low cost as no machine work isrequired in its manufacture other than a punch press which blanks andpunches the slots and the holes in the lever and forms the lever in twooperations. This device, under test, has been demonstrated to possessthat amount of clamping force which will cause it to be clamped to thefulcrum rod as firmly as would be the case with a lever having a drilledhole and milled slot, and the material of which it is constructed may bemade to withstand very severe strains.

Changes may be made in the form, conweenie of its edges, and havingalined apertures formed in the sides and slots extending from saidapertures fto, the bentend, said bent end being fornied'to receiveclamping means.

2. A lever of sheet material, comprising sides formed .by" bending thematerial upon itself in a plane transversely of its edges, and havingapertures near its free ends to receive actuating means, and otherapertures near its bent over end to receive a fulcrum rod and slotsextending outward from said last-mentioned apertures, said bent endportion of the lever being formed to receive clamping means.

3. A lever of sheet metal, comprising sides formed by bending a blanktransversely of its edges, thereby providing a clamping bolt hole at thebent-end, said sides having perforations near said end to receive afulcrum rod and slots extending from the perforations to said e1id,'-anda clamping bolt extending through said hole and having a nut engagingthe adjacent edge of the bent end of the lever.

1. A lever formed of sheet metal, comprising sides formed by bending ablank transversely of its edges, said sides having alined apertures andslots extending from said apertures to the bent end, flanges extending"inwardly from said sides and abutting at their edges, and clampingmeans extending through a hole formed at the bent end of the lever.

5. A lever of sheet metal formed by bending a blank over upon itself toproduce sides having at the bent end a way to receive a bolt, said sideshaving alined holes and slots extending therefrom to the bent end, a rodextending through said holes, and a clamping bolt located in said wayand having a nut threaded thereon and restmg uponthe adjacent edge ofthe bent portion of the lever.

6. A lever of sheet metal comprising a blank bent over upon itself toprovide parallel sides and a way at the bent end to receive a bolt,flanges extending inwardly from said sides and abutting at their edges,lugs on said flanges to engage a nut, said sides having alined aperturesand slots extending therefrom to the bent end of the lever, and aclamping bolt in said way having a nut threaded thereon and. arranged toengage said lugs.

7; A lever of sheet metal, comprising a blank bent over upon itself toform sides and a bolt way at the bent over end, said sides havingapertures to receive a rod and slots extending from said apertures tothe bent end, a clamping bolt extending through said way, a nut threadedto said bolt and resting upon the adjacent edge of the bent end, andmeans on said lever to prevent rotation of the nut.

8. A lever of sheet material, comprising a blank bent over upon itselfto form'sirles and a way at the bent portion, said sides having alinedapertures, slots extending therefrom to the bent portion of the blank topermit springing the blank, and other slots extending from saidapertures in a difierent direction adapted to receive a key, and aclamping bolt in said way having a nut resting upon the adjacent edge ofthe bent over blank;-

9. A lever of sheet material, comprising a blank bent upon itselftransversely of its edges to provide two adjacent sides, the sides ofsaid blank having apertures at a point near the bent end and slottedfrom said apertures to said end, a rod in said apertures,

and clamping means located within the bent portion of the blank arrangedto engage the opposite edges thereof and to bind the a ertured end intoengagement with said roc.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my.hand this 25th day ofFebruary, A. D. 1918. y

GORDON C. PHARO.

